Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. He is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and natural products. 2022 Apr;13(2):183-191. doi: 10.1007/s12687-021-00543-2. According to Hippocrates the theories of disease causation are the 4 humors, blood, phlegm, yellow and black bile. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Mesfin H, Teferi G, Heather B. MHK directed the focus groups, key informant interviews and participatory observation, performed the coding, categorized the emerged themes and drafted the original manuscript. According to this theory, it is important to distinguish between beliefs about the natural and supernatural causes of illness and disease. According to the Tehuledere Woreda Information Office (TWIO), the Woreda covers an area of 45,800 ha with a population of 152,107. Our study provides an excellent example of why health education and primary health care delivery interventions need to take into account what people actually do and the beliefs that drive their actions. 13. Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago. Microbe after microbe was discovered in quick succession gonococcus in 1847; typhoid bacillus, pneumococcus in 1880; tubercle bacillus in 1882; cholera vibrio in 1883; diphtheria bacillus in 1884, and so on. Qual Health Res. Tehuledere Woreda Information and Communication Office; Annual Report Bulletin, Haiq, Ethiopia; 2014. When Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch discovered and developed what would later be called the germ theory in the 1860s, this was a radical, then revolutionary ideaone so good . Social, economic and biological factors interact to drive a vicious cycle of poverty and disease from which, for many people, there is no escape." In short, poverty is instrumental in cultivating conditions that allow disease to spread. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. As part of this endeavor, we will describe in this paper seven common Filipino cultural beliefs: namamana, lihi, sumpa, gaba, pasma, namaligno, and kaloob ng Diyos. For example, the research findings were shared with research participants and the local research assistants who confirmed the interpretations accurately reflected their perceptions and experiences. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. All seek to elucidate principles capable of explaining social inequalities in health, and all represent what I would term theories of disease distribution,24which presume but cannot be reduced to mechanism-oriented theories of disease causation. Epub 2015 Feb 10. A high level of its acceptance was responsible for the progress in fathoming the nature of diseases leading to a significant decline in the proliferation of diseases. The researcher was also able to make substantial observations of local activities such as rituals, festivities, public gatherings involving health practices, and converse informally with community members. Permission to conduct the participant observation in the communities was provided by the heads of the health facilities. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.; 1968. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y. and transmitted securely. American journal of public health (New York, N.Y. : 1912),11(10), 908912. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. This study was funded by Addis Ababa University. Choosing among five traditions. Too often, indigenous medicine is criticized as harmful traditions as if it was a threat to human health. Wiki User 2009-11-03 20:50:12 This answer is: Study guides Science 14. I/C Epidemiology; Centre for Animal Disease Research He attended St. Xaviers College, Maitighar, Kathmandu, Nepal, to complete his Master of Science in Microbiology. 93 0 obj <>stream 4th ed. Just as members of a society work together to fulfill a society's needs, culture exists to meet its members' social and personal needs. The other criterion was the interest shown by the health extension workers to collaborate in the study. Then we stay healthy [Female, Study Community # 4]. Medical and cultural considerations. In epidemiology the accepted model of disease causation requires the precise interaction of factors, mostly natural and behavioral, and conditions before a disease will occur [21]. However, it is important to define illness and disease differently when considering some non-western cultural traditions. Focus groups and interviews continued until the data in the key emerging themes were saturated (i.e., key points were repeated and no significant new information was emerging) [16, 17]. For example, Lidell and his colleagues (2005) described how Sub-Saharan peoples relationship with God takes a form of nature-spirit reverence and connection which is vital to maintaining family health [26]. Similarly, a theoretical approach initially used to frame and subsequently to interpret the data from this study allowed for a more thorough explanation of beliefs and perceptions of illness causation. We consider people who travel at this wrong time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky. Other studies suggest that different societies give varying degrees of importance to theories of natural compared to supernatural causes of illness [1113]. When we drink it, we contract worms, they twirl in the stomach and give our kids tik, tik [Stomach- ache, salivate and followed by vomiting,] [Male, Study Community # 5]. They also articulated the role of natural causes and social relationships in maintaining good health. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Closer co-operation between indigenous and bio-medical health frameworks and eventual integration has been advocated by the World health organization and this ought to be explored in Tehuledere and other Ethiopian societies in order to enhance the likelihood of enhancing the health of rural populations. The SlideShare family just got bigger. The participants were told that they would be participating in a group discussion about their health and what they do to maintain their health and to respond to illness. Simple statistics like frequency distribution, percentile were used. So if there is no peace at home, there will be no health [Female, Study Community # 4]. Beliefs and perception of ill-health causation: a socio-cultural qualitative study in rural North-Eastern Ethiopia, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Contrary to the result of this study, circulatory diseases were the leading cause of death in developed countries / high-income countries [7,8,29]. Culturally-based attitudes about seeking treatment and trusting traditional medicines and folk remedies are rooted in core belief systems about illness causation, i.e., naturalistic, Ayurvedic, biomedical, etc. This study explored the indigenous beliefs of ill-health causation among those living in the Tehuledere Woreda /district/ in North East Ethiopia from a socio-cultural perspective. In this framework, natural causes include beliefs that the impairment of health is a physiological consequence of some experience of the victim that is consistent with Western biomedicine. Many become sick from the filth on the sharp equipment [Male, Study Community # 4]. However, others acknowledge that indigenous medicine should be embraced as an important part of health care systems in indigenous communities [35]. 2007;2:942. These discoveries and a host of others at the turn of the century marked a turning point in our aetiological concepts. Health, religion, and meaning: a culture-centered study of Druze women. Glory Bassey. Tap here to review the details. Five rural communities (one from each of the five Kebeles) were included in the study. Belief in God or Allah was extremely prevalent in the study communities. volume17, Articlenumber:124 (2017) hbbd```b`` (0 (d9 lz`&&$ D&2$#dB@@lHDIe7sL@o30"? Lidell C, Barrett L, Bydawell M. Indigenous representations of illness and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. Foster GM. First, germ theory separated the disease from the person suffering from the disease. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help This ethnographic exploration with the study communities in Tehuledere revealed that perceived causes of ill-health can be grouped into three main categories: supernatural, natural, and social elements. We've encountered a problem, please try again. In: Nichter M, editor. It involves praising and glorifying the sky-god and seeking his spiritual assistance to ward off evil. This paper therefore is aimed at examining the causes and consequences of rapid erosion of cultural values in nigeria. Pre-modern era theories of Disease causation: Religions often attributed disease outbreaks or other misfortunes to divine retribution - punishment for mankind's sins. This study found that among the Tehuledere there are a wide range of perceptions regarding the causation of illness. 125"128. Qualitative inquiry and research design. The emphasis on culture in our genetic counseling training recognizes its crucial role in molding an individual's conceptualization of health, as well as other life aspects, especially since the Filipino culture is a mixture of indigenous as well as imported and borrowed elements. Ali A. Several theories were advanced from time to time to explain disease causation such as the supernatural theory of disease, the theory of humors by Greeks and Indians, the theory of contagion, the miasmatic theory which attributed disease to noxious air and vapours, the theory of spontaneous generation, etc. A belief of disease causation where it is thought illness is caused by misbehavior or intervention of a supernatural being. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Promot Educ Suppl. Medical anthropology. In Ethiopia, people use indigenous medical systems as an alternative health care service along with the biomedical health services [1, 6]. Health is primarily that state in which these constituent substances are in the correct proportion to each other, both in strength and quantity, and are well mixed. Miller addresses in a coherent and thoughtful way the problems faced by the Westerner who seeks to study African literature without colonizing that discourse. CAS It is hoped that the model of illness causation identified in this study will help to enhance the rural health plan for the 5 villages of Tehuledere Woreda and beyond. In 2014, communicable diseases including malaria, lung infections, diarrheal, intestinal parasites, eye infections, skin disease, and rheumatism were the major public health problems in the area [15]. Epidemiological characterisation of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) from c Major flaws in Animal Disease Control Leading to Partial Success or Failure.pptx, Animal Disease Control Programs in India.ppt, Control and Eradication of Animal diseases.pptx, Vaccines in India- Problems and solutions.pptx, Conventional and non conventional antibiotic alternatives. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Epidemiological triad includes Environment, Agent & host. Epub 2016 Sep 11. Sicknesses, epidemics, contagious diseases and even death were explained in terms of punishment by enraged qolle spirits. Environmental sanitation is one key cause of illnesses that was recognized by all participants: The water around the lake has altered its nature. Germ theory emerged in the 19th Century, but it built on two notions that had earlier incarnations. Naturalistic theory A theory of a disease causation where illness results from upset of the balance between the person and environment Naturalistic theory examples;Humoral , Ayurvedic ,and vitalistic approaches Humoral theory We would like to thank the study participants and Tehuledere Woreda Health Bereau staff, as well as our research assistants for their great support to facilitate the data collection of study. Weiss RS. Proceedings of the First National Conference on the Revision of National Health Policy. The provision of culturally competent health care is an important professional issue recognized by the pioneer genetic counselors in the Philippines. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Gordis, L. (2014). 1988 Dec;4(4):160-3. doi: 10.1177/089033448800400409. In-depth understanding of disease causation aids in planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease in a population. 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